Major ArticleInternational Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) report, data summary of 45 countries for 2012-2017: Device-associated module
Section snippets
METHODS
The DA module data were collected using the ISOS platform,2 which applies CDC/NHSN's latest criteria and reported methods for calculation of HAI rates and DU ratios, and DA-HAI definitions that include laboratory and clinical criteria.5, 6 For this report, definitions of HAI used during surveillance were those published by CDC in 2008,5 and their subsequent updates, until 2017.19
This report includes ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) rates for adults, and for pediatric and neonatal units,
RESULTS
From January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2017, we conducted a multicenter prospective cohort surveillance study of DA-HAIs in 523 ICUs in 242 hospitals in 45 countries from Latin America, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, South East Asia, and Western Pacific World Health Organization regions, currently participating in INICC. Of all the hospitals, 30% were academic, 27% were public, and the remaining 43% were private. As stated in the INICC charter, the identity of patients and hospitals are kept
DISCUSSION
In this report, the DU ratios identified in INICC ICUs are similar or even lower to the DU reported of US ICUs by the CDC's NHSN system; however, all DA-HAI rates found in INICC ICUs are higher than in US ICU rates.21
The antimicrobial resistance rates identified in INICC ICUs in blood samples for isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, and Enterococcus faecalis were higher than the CDC's NHSN rates identified in the last published report 2011-2014.20 Whereas the resistance rates found
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the many health care professionals who assisted with the conduct of surveillance in their hospital, including Débora López Burgardt, who works at International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium headquarters in Buenos Aires, and the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium Advisory Board, Country Directors, and Secretaries (Hail M. Alabdaley, Yassir Khidir Mohamed, Safaa Abdul Aziz AlKhawaja, Amani Ali El-Kholy, Vineya Rai, Souha S. Kanj, Yatin
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Funding/support: Funding for the design, development, maintenance, technical support, data validation, and report generation of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium Surveillance Online System, and the activities carried out at the International Nosocomial Infection Control headquarters were provided by Victor D. Rosenthal, and the Foundation to Fight against Nosocomial Infections.
Conflicts of interest: None to report.
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Every hospital's Institutional Review Board agreed to the study protocol, and patient confidentiality was protected by codifying the recorded information, making it only identifiable to the infection control team.
Author contributions: V.D.R. was responsible for study conception and design, drafting of the manuscript, software development, technical support, report generation, data validation, data assembly, data interpretation, epidemiologic, and statistical analysis. All authors were involved in provision of study patients, critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content, and final approval of the manuscript.
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Additional authors from the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium are listed in the Appendix.