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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At present&#44; 19&#37; of the Spanish population is 65 years old or older &#40;Spanish National Statistics Institute &#91;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Instituto Nacional de Estad&#237;stica</span>&#44; INE&#93; 2018&#41;&#46; This population group in turn accounts for 55&#37; of all hospital admissions &#40;with stays that are longer than in other age groups&#41;&#44; and 44&#37; of all hospital discharges&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> A consequence of the aging of the population is that the patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit &#40;ICU&#41; are also becoming older&#46; Patient age traditionally has been regarded as one of the main determinants of admission to the ICU<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> because of its relation to the prognosis&#44; and constitutes a variable to be considered in the severity indices of the patients admitted to our Units&#46; However&#44; if age is excluded from the calculation of these indices&#44; the resulting scores are not significantly modified &#8211; a fact that indicates that other factors are responsible for the prognosis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#8211;6</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">On the other hand&#44; many studies indicate that the prognosis of the critically ill is more related to the prior functional condition of the patient than to age&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#8211;11</span></a> The poorer the baseline condition&#44; the greater the mortality rate and the decisions referred to limitation of life support&#46; The prior situation of the patient has also been related to recovery after passing through intensive care&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In relation to the importance of the baseline condition in terms of the patient prognosis&#44; mention must be made of the concept of frailty&#44; initially described by Fried et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Frailty is a physiological syndrome related to old age&#44; and is characterized by a reduced functional reserve and lessened resistance to stressors that result in increased vulnerability and limited recovery capacity after injury or disease&#46; Frailty is different from disability&#44; because it can affect healthy individuals yet implies a greater risk of fatal outcomes in the presence of any of the following characteristics&#58; recent hospital admission&#44; recurrent falls&#44; comorbidity &#40;osteoarthrosis&#44; fractures&#44; depression&#44; hearing and vision problems&#44; incontinence&#44; cardiovascular events&#41;&#44; polypharmacy&#44; muscle weakness&#44; mobility and balance problems&#44; limited physical exercise&#44; cognitive impairment or adverse social conditions&#46; Since the studies of Fried and Rockwood&#44; the measurement of frailty has been widely described in the literature&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12&#8211;18</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Frailty has been associated to increased mortality in all the scenarios in which it has been studied &#8211; including the critically ill&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;10&#44;11&#44;18</span></a> Hence the identification of frail patients upon admission to the ICU could help predict the clinical outcome and serve to intensify patient care at discharge from the Unit&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Few studies have been made of frailty in patients admitted to the ICU in Spain&#46; The present study was carried out to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients over 65 years of age with criteria of frailty admitted to the ICU&#44; comparing them versus patients without frailty&#44; and estimating the impact of the diagnosis of frailty and&#47;or the baseline condition of the patient upon the prognosis at one and 6 months after admission to the ICU&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Patients and methods</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A prospective&#44; multicenter observational study was carried out in four polyvalent ICUs &#40;Hospital Universitario de Getafe&#44; Hospital 12 de Octubre&#44; Hospital Universitario General de Catalu&#241;a&#44; Hospital Universitario Sagrat Cor&#41; between 1 June 2016 and 1 June 2017&#46; We included all critical patients aged 65 years or older admitted to the ICU during the mentioned study period and with an expected stay of over 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#46; Patients who rejected participation in the study were excluded&#44; as were those with limitation of life support measures or expected mortality in the first 48&#8211;72<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h of admission&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the first 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h of admission&#44; and after obtaining informed consent from the patient or a relative &#40;if the patient was disabled&#44; sedated or subjected to orotracheal intubation&#41;&#44; an interview was held to determine patient frailty and baseline condition &#40;functional and cognitive condition&#41;&#44; prior to admission to the ICU&#46; Frailty was measured using the Frail Scale &#40;Morley et al&#46;&#41; based on 5 items&#58; fatigability&#44; resistance&#44; walking&#44; comorbidity and weight loss&#46; Each item was scored as one point&#46; The sum of the individual scores ranged from 0 to 5 &#40;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>best&#44; 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>worst&#41;&#44; and indicated frail health &#40;3&#8211;5 points&#41;&#44; pre-frailty &#40;1&#8211;2 points&#41; and robustness &#40;0 points&#41;&#46; In our study&#44; patients with a score of 0&#8211;2 points were regarded as not frail&#44; while those with three or more points were considered to be frail&#46; Fatigue was measured by asking the interviewee how long he&#47;she felt tired in the last four weeks &#8211; the answers &#8220;all the time&#8221; and &#8220;most of the time&#8221; each being scored as one point&#46; Resistance in turn was evaluated by questioning about difficulties in walking up 10 steps alone without stopping and without help&#44; while walking was assessed by asking the interviewee if he&#47;she had difficulties walking 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m or one block alone and without help&#46; The answer &#8220;yes&#8221; was scored as one point&#46; Disease was scored as one point in the case of patients reporting 5 or more disorders out of a total of 11 conditions&#58; dementia&#44; heart disease&#44; depression&#44; osteoarthrosis&#44; asthma&#44; bronchitis&#47;emphysema&#44; diabetes&#44; arterial hypertension&#44; osteoporosis and stroke&#46; Weight loss was scored as one point in the case of patients with an unintended weight loss of 5&#37; or more in the last 12 months&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient baseline condition was evaluated using the Barthel index for the assessment of basic activities of daily living &#40;dependency being defined as a score of &#60;60 points&#41;&#44; while the Lawton and Brody index was used to score instrumental activities &#40;involving a score without a cut-off point&#44; where the maximum score is 8 and defines total independence&#44; while a score of 0 is indicative of dependency&#41;&#46; Cognitive function in turn was evaluated by means of the Clinical Dementia Rating &#40;CDR&#41; scale&#44; where 0&#46;5 indicates cognitive impairment and scores of over 2&#46;5 are suggestive of dementia&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In addition&#44; we prospectively compiled patient age and gender&#44; reason for admission&#44; Charlson comorbidity index &#40;presence of comorbidity being defined by a score<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#41;&#44; nutritional risk &#40;based on the Nutric score&#44; with the presence of comorbidity being defined by a score<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#41;&#44; severity upon admission &#40;assessed by means of the SOFA and APACHE II scores&#41;&#44; number of falls in the last 6 months&#44; number of hospital admissions in the last year&#44; duration of stay in the ICU and in hospital&#44; days of mechanical ventilation&#44; need for tracheostomy&#44; complications in the ICU &#40;see definition in annex 1 online&#41;&#44; limitation of life support&#44; mortality in the ICU&#44; mortality at one and 6 months&#44; and patient destination at hospital discharge &#40;home&#44; home but with need for a caregiver&#44; home for the elderly&#44; functional rehabilitation center&#41;&#46; One and 6 months after discharge from the ICU&#44; we again assessed the baseline condition of the patient &#40;Barthel index&#44; Lawton index and CDR&#41; through a telephone interview&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A descriptive study of the patients was made&#44; followed by univariate comparison between frail and non-frail patients&#46; Given the importance attributed to age&#44; we also classified the patients into two groups&#58; elderly patients aged 65&#8211;80 years and very elderly individuals &#40;&#62;80 years of age&#41;&#44; with comparison of both groups to assess possible differences attributable to age&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committees of each of the participating hospitals&#46;</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Normal data distribution was assessed using the Smirnov&#8211;Kolmogorov test&#46; The data were reported as the mean and standard deviation &#40;SD&#41; or as the median and interquartile range &#40;IQR&#41;&#44; depending on the type of distribution&#44; and as absolute values and percentages&#46; Comparisons were made with the chi-squared test&#44; the parametric Student t-test and the nonparametric Mann&#8211;Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span>-test and Kruskal&#8211;Wallis test&#44; according to the distribution of the variable&#46; Statistical significance was considered for <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A multivariate analysis was performed&#44; using logistic regression models and taking as dependent variables mortality in the ICU and mortality at one and 6 months after discharge from the ICU&#46; In turn&#44; the independent variables were defined as those variables that were identified in the univariate analysis as being associated to the outcomes of interest &#40;mortality&#41; with a value <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;10&#44; as well as those variables of clinical interest&#46; Since the number of variables to be entered in the multivariate model was limited by the prevalence of the outcome&#44; we were only able to include one to two variables&#46; For this reason fitting of the model was limited to the APACHE II score as the variable summarizing global severity upon admission&#44; and to patient age as the variable of clinical interest&#44; in compliance with the objectives of our study&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The SPSS version 21 statistical package was used throughout&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Results</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We included a total of 132 patients&#44; of which 46 &#40;35&#37;&#41; met criteria of frailty&#46; In the telephone follow-up we recorded a loss of 8 patients at one month and 14 patients at 6 months&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The frail patients suffered more falls and required more hospital admissions in the previous year&#44; and moreover suffered greater comorbidity &#40;Charlson comorbidity index&#41;&#46; Age and severity at the time of admission to the ICU &#40;APACHE II&#44; SOFA&#41; were similar in both groups &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The frail patients also presented poorer baseline functional &#40;Barthel and Lawton scores&#41;&#44; cognitive &#40;CDR&#41; and nutritional conditions &#40;Nutric score&#41; than the non-frail patients &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41; upon admission to the ICU&#46; Functional condition was poorer in frail patients than in non-frail patients &#40;without reaching statistical significance 6 months after discharge from the ICU&#41;&#46; Cognitive function one month after discharge from the ICU tended to be worse in frail patients than in non-frail individuals &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;14&#41;&#44; though the difference was no longer noticeable 6 months after discharge from the ICU&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The need for mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy was slightly greater among the non-frail patients&#46; However&#44; noninvasive mechanical ventilation was more frequent in frail patients &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;01&#41;&#46; The duration of stay in the ICU was similar in frail patients and in non-frail individuals&#44; while hospital stay tended to be longer among the latter &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;06&#41;&#46; Complications were more frequent in frail patients&#44; particularly acute renal failure and weakness acquired in the ICU &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Mortality among the frail patients was greater in all three periods considered&#44; though statistical significance was only reached one month and 6 months after discharge from the ICU&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A significantly greater proportion of frail patients were subjected to limitation of life support&#44; while a greater proportion of non-frail patients were discharged home &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The logistic regression models showed frailty to be associated to mortality at one month &#40;odds ratio &#91;OR&#93;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;5&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#44; 95&#37; confidence interval &#91;95&#37;CI&#93; 1&#46;22&#8211;10&#46;03&#41; and 6 months after discharge from the ICU &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;62&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#46; 95&#37;CI 1&#46;04&#8211;6&#46;56&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">On the other hand&#44; as can be seen in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a> of the supplementary material&#44; on comparing elderly patients &#40;65&#8211;80 years of age&#41; versus very elderly individuals &#40;&#62;80 years of age&#41;&#44; no significant differences were observed in the incidence of frailty or in terms of other variables&#44; except comorbidity &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46; In this subanalysis&#44; the very elderly patients tended to present functional dependency after both one and 6 months&#44; with discretely greater mortality &#8211; though statistical significance was not reached in any of the periods considered&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Discussion</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The prevalence of frailty in our study was similar to that found in the literature&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;11&#44;18</span></a> Although frailty has been associated to elderly patients &#40;&#62;80 years&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> it can also be found in younger individuals&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> In our series the incidence was similar in elderly patients and in very elderly individuals&#46; Likewise&#44; no significant differences were observed on comparing different patient variables by age groups &#8211; this seeming to confirm the existence of variables more important than age in defining the prognosis of patients admitted to the ICU&#46; Frailty should be taken into account in identifying patients most likely to benefit from admission to critical care&#44; since it is associated to mortality&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No association was observed in our study between the baseline condition and mortality&#44; in contrast to what is found in the literature&#44; where functional condition is identified as an independent mortality risk factor&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> However&#44; the frail patients had a poorer baseline functional and cognitive condition&#44; and this made them more vulnerable&#46; They suffered more falls&#44; with more previous admissions and greater comorbidity&#46; The functional scores &#40;Barthel and Lawton indices&#41; were low upon admission to the ICU&#44; and dependency persisted without recovery over time&#46; In contrast&#44; the cognitive scores improved after discharge from the ICU&#46; To our knowledge&#44; such improvement in the CDR score is related to the characteristics of the test used to assess cognitive impairment&#44; and constitutes a subjective appraisal of the condition of the patient in different areas &#40;memory&#44; orientation&#44; interpersonal relations and self-care capacity&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The mortality risk scales &#40;APACHE II and SOFA&#41; showed no differences between the two groups of patients&#44; though the literature describes a higher score on the SAPS 3 scale as being associated to increased mortality&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> Under equal severity conditions upon admission&#44; the frail patient requires less orotracheal intubation&#44; vasopressor drug use and renal replacement therapy&#46; Even the increased use of noninvasive ventilation in the group of frail patients may be conditioned by an attempt to not resort to mechanical ventilation in these individuals&#46; Accordingly&#44; treatment in frail patients may be less intense because of their baseline condition&#44; with more frequent limitation of life support&#46; The use of resources in the ICU is thus limited as a result&#46; At discharge from our Units&#44; frail patients are referred to a home for the elderly or to their own home with the need for a caregiver&#44; while non-frail patients are referred to a functional rehabilitation center&#44; with more intensive use of post-ICU management resources&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A lack of physical exercise has been found to be a risk factor for the appearance of frailty&#44; with secondary sarcopenia and muscle weakness&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#8211;25</span></a> This may explain why weakness acquired in the ICU was a frequent complication in frail patients in our study&#44; giving rise to poorer recovery over the long term&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Le Maguet et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> measured frailty using two scales&#58; Frailty Phenotype &#40;FP&#44; frailty<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#41; and the Clinical Frailty Score &#40;CFS<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#41;&#46; Mortality in the ICU was better predicted by the FP&#44; while the CFS was better in predicting mortality after 6 months&#46; Flaatten et al&#46; in turn found the CFS to be associated to short-term mortality&#46; In our study&#44; the Frail scale showed good performance in predicting mortality after one month and 6 months&#44; but not in predicting mortality in the ICU&#46; In any case&#44; and independently of the scale used&#44; it can be concluded that frailty is associated to mortality and is a factor to be taken into account in the prognosis of our patients&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our study has limitations&#46; Despite its multicenter nature&#44; the number of included patients was not very large&#46; Furthermore&#44; follow-up was only made during the 6 months after discharge&#44; without examining whether there is longer term recovery among the patients referred to functional rehabilitation centers&#46; Furthermore&#44; there were losses to telephone follow-up&#44; which conditions extrapolation of the results&#44; particularly as regards mortality at one month and 6 months&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Frailty is evidenced in 35&#37; of the patients over 65 years of age admitted to the ICU&#44; and determines mortality among the seriously ill&#46; Frail patients have poorer baseline conditions at the time of admission to intensive care&#44; with scant recovery at discharge from the ICU&#46; This requires more intense and earlier post-ICU care<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26&#44;27</span></a> in an attempt to improve the prognosis&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Contribution of the authors</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Design&#58;</span> S&#46; L&#243;pez-Cuenca and A&#46; Artigas-Ravent&#243;s&#46;</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Data compilation&#58;</span> S&#46; L&#243;pez-Cuenca&#44; L&#46; Oteiza-L&#243;pez&#44; N&#46; L&#225;zaro-Mart&#237;n&#44; M&#46;M&#46; Irazabal-Jaimes and M&#46; Ibarz-Villamayor&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Analysis and preparation of the manuscript&#58; S&#46; L&#243;pez-Cuenca and J&#46;A&#46; Lorente-Balanza&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Financial support</span><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study was supported by a research aid from the Fundaci&#243;n del Enfermo Cr&#237;tico &#40;2017&#41;&#46; Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Medicina Intensiva y Unidades Coronarias &#40;SEMICyUC&#41;&#44; Spain&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None&#46;</p></span></span>"
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            2 => "Escala FRAIL"
            3 => "Cuidados intensivos"
            4 => "Situaci&#243;n basal"
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        ]
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      "en" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To estimate the prevalence of frailty in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit &#40;ICU&#41; and its impact upon ICU mortality at 1 and 6 months&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Design</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A prospective observational cohort study was carried out&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Setting</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Spanish ICU&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Intervention</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">None&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Patients and methods</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patients<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>65 years of age admitted to the ICU for &#62;24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#46; Variables were registered upon admission&#44; and functional status was assessed by telephone calls 1 and 6 months after discharge from the ICU&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Main study variables</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Age&#44; gender&#44; frailty &#40;FRAIL scale&#41;&#44; functional status &#40;Barthel&#44; Lawton&#44; Clinical Dementia Rating and NUTRIC score&#41;&#44; days of mechanical ventilation &#40;MV&#41;&#44; functional score &#40;APACHE II and SOFA&#41;&#44; ICU mortality&#44; and mortality 1 and 6 months after ICU discharge&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A total of 132 patients were evaluated&#44; of which 46 were frail &#40;34&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#46; Age of the frail versus non-frail patients&#58; 78&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7&#46;2 and 78&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6&#46;4 years&#44; respectively &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;43&#41;&#59; male gender&#58; 43&#46;8&#37; versus 56&#46;3&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;10&#41;&#59; SOFA score&#58; 4&#46;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;9 versus 4&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;9 &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;75&#41;&#59; MV&#58; 33&#46;3&#37; versus 66&#46;7&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;75&#41;&#59; days of MV&#58; 5&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15 versus 4&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>8&#46;1 &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;57&#41;&#59; ICU mortality 13&#37; versus 6&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;14&#41;&#44; mortality at 1 month 24&#37; versus 8&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;01&#41;&#44; mortality 6 months 32&#37; versus 15&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;03&#41;&#46; Frailty is associated with mortality at one month &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;5&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05&#44; 95&#37; CI &#40;1&#46;22&#8211;10&#46;03&#41; and at 6 months after discharge from the ICU &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;62&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05&#44; 95&#37; CI &#40;1&#46;04&#8211;6&#46;56&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Frailty was present in 35&#37; of the patients admitted to the ICU&#44; and was associated with mortality&#46;</p></span>"
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        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estimar la prevalencia de fragilidad en pacientes ingresados en cuidados intensivos &#40;UCI&#41; y su impacto sobre la mortalidad intra UCI&#44; al mes y a los 6 meses&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Dise&#241;o</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio de cohorte prospectiva&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">&#193;mbito</span><p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">UCI polivalentes espa&#241;olas&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Intervenci&#243;n</span><p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Ninguna&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Pacientes y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Pacientes<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>65 a&#241;os ingresados en UCI<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>horas&#46; Se recogieron las variables al ingreso y la situaci&#243;n basal por tel&#233;fono al mes y a los 6 meses del alta de UCI&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Variables de inter&#233;s principal</span><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Edad&#44; sexo&#44; fragilidad &#40;escala FRAIL&#41;&#44; situaci&#243;n basal &#40;Barthel&#44; Lawton&#44; Clinical Dementia Rating y Nutric Score&#41;&#44; d&#237;as de ventilaci&#243;n mec&#225;nica &#40;VM&#41;&#44; escalas de gravedad &#40;APACHE II y SOFA&#41;&#44; mortalidad UCI&#44; al mes y a los 6 meses del alta&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Resultados</span><p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Ciento treinta y dos pacientes&#44; 46 fr&#225;giles &#40;34&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#46; Pacientes fr&#225;giles vs&#46; no fr&#225;giles&#58; 78&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7&#44;2 vs&#46; 78&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6&#44;4 a&#241;os &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;43&#41;&#44; varones 43&#44;8&#37; vs&#46; 56&#44;3&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;10&#41;&#44; SOFA 4&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;9 vs&#46; 4&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;9 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;75&#41;&#44; VM 33&#46;3&#37; vs&#46; 66&#44;7&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;75&#41;&#44; d&#237;as de VM 5&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15 vs&#46; 4&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>8&#44;1 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;57&#41;&#44; mortalidad UCI 13&#37; versus 6&#37; &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;14&#41;&#44; mortalidad al mes 24&#37; versus 8&#37; &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;01&#41;&#44; mortalidad 6 meses 32&#37; versus 15&#37; &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;03&#41;&#46; La fragilidad se asocia con la mortalidad al mes &#40;OR &#61; 3&#44;5&#59; p &#60;0&#44;05&#44; IC del 95&#37; &#40;1&#44;22-10&#44;03&#41; y a los 6 meses del alta de UCI &#40;OR &#61; 2&#44;62&#59; p &#60;0&#44;05&#44; IC del 95&#37; &#40;1&#44;04-6&#44;56&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La fragilidad est&#225; presente en el 35&#37; de los pacientes ingresados en UCI&#44; asoci&#225;ndose a la mortalidad&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:8 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0045"
            "titulo" => "Objetivo"
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          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0050"
            "titulo" => "Dise&#241;o"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0055"
            "titulo" => "&#193;mbito"
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          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0060"
            "titulo" => "Intervenci&#243;n"
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          4 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0065"
            "titulo" => "Pacientes y m&#233;todos"
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          5 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0070"
            "titulo" => "Variables de inter&#233;s principal"
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          6 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0075"
            "titulo" => "Resultados"
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          7 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0080"
            "titulo" => "Conclusiones"
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    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
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        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Please cite this article as&#58; L&#243;pez Cuenca S&#44; Oteiza L&#243;pez L&#44; L&#225;zaro Mart&#237;n N&#44; Irazabal Jaimes MM&#44; Ibarz Villamayor M&#44; Artigas A&#44; et al&#46; Fragilidad en pacientes mayores de 65 a&#241;os ingresados en cuidados intensivos &#40;FRAIL-ICU&#41;&#46; Med Intensiva&#46; 2019&#59;43&#58;395&#8211;401&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t">79 &#40;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Charlson comorbidity score&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Barthel score&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Admission&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">97 &#40;7&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1 month after ICU discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">58 &#40;36&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">79 &#40;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6 months after ICU discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">63 &#40;39&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">78 &#40;33&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lawton score&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Admission&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;3 &#40;2&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#46;8 &#40;1&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1 month after ICU discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;4 &#40;2&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6 months after ICU discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;7 &#40;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Clinical dementia rating &#40;CDR&#41; score&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Admission&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;2 &#40;1&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;32 &#40;0&#46;32&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1 month after ICU discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;9 &#40;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;1 &#40;2&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6 months after ICU discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;8 &#40;1&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;91 &#40;2&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;80&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nutric score&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;4 &#40;1&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;9 &#40;1&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">APACHE II score&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">18 &#40;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16 &#40;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SOFA score&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;85&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Non-frail&#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Frail Scale</span> 0&#8211;2&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>86&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Complications&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">36 &#40;78&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">61 &#40;71&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;24&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Acute coronary syndrome</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Arrhythmias</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;12&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Acute renal failure &#40;ARF&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">19 &#40;41&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">26 &#40;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Acute respiratory distress syndrome &#40;ARDS&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;22&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Bleeding</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7 &#40;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;33&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Thrombosis</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Delirium</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;12&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;57&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Muscle weakness acquired in ICU</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7 &#40;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7&#40;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Infection</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;10&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;43&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Others</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Life support techniques&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Catecholamines</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#62;</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">6</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">h</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;22&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">19 &#40;22&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;57&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Renal replacement therapy in ARF</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;51&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mechanical ventilation &#40;MV&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">19 &#40;41&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">38 &#40;44&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;44&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Noninvasive MV</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;19&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Days on VM&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5&#46;6 &#40;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;3 &#40;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Tracheostomy&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Limitation of life support&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;10&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Destination at discharge&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Home</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">19 &#40;48&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">53 &#40;65&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Home with caregiver</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Home for the elderly</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;7&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Functional rehabilitation center</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;12&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Not known</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;1&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Outcomes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ICU stay&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11&#46;2 &#40;16&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11&#46;3 &#40;16&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;97&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hospital stay&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10&#46;6 &#40;9&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">17&#46;1 &#40;22&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mortality in</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ICU</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mortality at one</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">month</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a&#44;b</span></a>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;24&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7 &#40;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mortality at 6</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">months</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;32&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;03&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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                0 => "xTab2141501.png"
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          "notaPie" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0005"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Cumulative mortality in three periods&#58; from admission to ICU to discharge from ICU&#44; from admission to ICU to one month after discharge from ICU&#44; from admission to ICU to 6 months after discharge from ICU&#46;</p>"
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            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
              "etiqueta" => "b"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Data referred to mortality at one month lost in 8 patients and to mortality at 6 months in 14 patients&#46;</p>"
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          ]
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0095" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparison of the variables related to ICU stay&#46;</p>"
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    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0015"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:27 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0140"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "El estado de la poblaci&#243;n mayor en Espa&#241;a&#44; 2017&#46; Blog Envejecimiento &#91;en-red&#93;&#46; Available from&#58; <a target="_blank" href="http://bit.ly/2leYtZhM.C">http&#58;&#47;&#47;bit&#46;ly&#47;2leYtZhM&#46;C</a> &#91;accessed 14&#46;02&#46;17&#93;&#46;"
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            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0145"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
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Frailty in patients over 65 years of age admitted to Intensive Care Units (FRAIL-ICU)
Fragilidad en pacientes mayores de 65 años ingresados en cuidados intensivos (FRAIL-ICU)
S. López Cuencaa, L. Oteiza Lópeza,
Corresponding author
loteiza@yahoo.es

Corresponding author.
, N. Lázaro Martínb, M.M. Irazabal Jaimesc, M. Ibarz Villamayord, A. Artigase,f, J.A. Lorente Balanzaa,g,h
a Servicio de Medicina Intensiva y Grandes Quemados, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
c Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario General de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain
d Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Sagrat Cor, Barcelona, Spain
e Corporación Universitaria Parc Taulí, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
f Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Hospitales Universitarios Sagrado Corazón-General de Cataluña, Quirón Salud, Barcelona-San Cugat del Vallès, Spain
g CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
h Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At present&#44; 19&#37; of the Spanish population is 65 years old or older &#40;Spanish National Statistics Institute &#91;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Instituto Nacional de Estad&#237;stica</span>&#44; INE&#93; 2018&#41;&#46; This population group in turn accounts for 55&#37; of all hospital admissions &#40;with stays that are longer than in other age groups&#41;&#44; and 44&#37; of all hospital discharges&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> A consequence of the aging of the population is that the patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit &#40;ICU&#41; are also becoming older&#46; Patient age traditionally has been regarded as one of the main determinants of admission to the ICU<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> because of its relation to the prognosis&#44; and constitutes a variable to be considered in the severity indices of the patients admitted to our Units&#46; However&#44; if age is excluded from the calculation of these indices&#44; the resulting scores are not significantly modified &#8211; a fact that indicates that other factors are responsible for the prognosis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#8211;6</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">On the other hand&#44; many studies indicate that the prognosis of the critically ill is more related to the prior functional condition of the patient than to age&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#8211;11</span></a> The poorer the baseline condition&#44; the greater the mortality rate and the decisions referred to limitation of life support&#46; The prior situation of the patient has also been related to recovery after passing through intensive care&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In relation to the importance of the baseline condition in terms of the patient prognosis&#44; mention must be made of the concept of frailty&#44; initially described by Fried et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Frailty is a physiological syndrome related to old age&#44; and is characterized by a reduced functional reserve and lessened resistance to stressors that result in increased vulnerability and limited recovery capacity after injury or disease&#46; Frailty is different from disability&#44; because it can affect healthy individuals yet implies a greater risk of fatal outcomes in the presence of any of the following characteristics&#58; recent hospital admission&#44; recurrent falls&#44; comorbidity &#40;osteoarthrosis&#44; fractures&#44; depression&#44; hearing and vision problems&#44; incontinence&#44; cardiovascular events&#41;&#44; polypharmacy&#44; muscle weakness&#44; mobility and balance problems&#44; limited physical exercise&#44; cognitive impairment or adverse social conditions&#46; Since the studies of Fried and Rockwood&#44; the measurement of frailty has been widely described in the literature&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12&#8211;18</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Frailty has been associated to increased mortality in all the scenarios in which it has been studied &#8211; including the critically ill&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;10&#44;11&#44;18</span></a> Hence the identification of frail patients upon admission to the ICU could help predict the clinical outcome and serve to intensify patient care at discharge from the Unit&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Few studies have been made of frailty in patients admitted to the ICU in Spain&#46; The present study was carried out to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients over 65 years of age with criteria of frailty admitted to the ICU&#44; comparing them versus patients without frailty&#44; and estimating the impact of the diagnosis of frailty and&#47;or the baseline condition of the patient upon the prognosis at one and 6 months after admission to the ICU&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Patients and methods</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A prospective&#44; multicenter observational study was carried out in four polyvalent ICUs &#40;Hospital Universitario de Getafe&#44; Hospital 12 de Octubre&#44; Hospital Universitario General de Catalu&#241;a&#44; Hospital Universitario Sagrat Cor&#41; between 1 June 2016 and 1 June 2017&#46; We included all critical patients aged 65 years or older admitted to the ICU during the mentioned study period and with an expected stay of over 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#46; Patients who rejected participation in the study were excluded&#44; as were those with limitation of life support measures or expected mortality in the first 48&#8211;72<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h of admission&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the first 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h of admission&#44; and after obtaining informed consent from the patient or a relative &#40;if the patient was disabled&#44; sedated or subjected to orotracheal intubation&#41;&#44; an interview was held to determine patient frailty and baseline condition &#40;functional and cognitive condition&#41;&#44; prior to admission to the ICU&#46; Frailty was measured using the Frail Scale &#40;Morley et al&#46;&#41; based on 5 items&#58; fatigability&#44; resistance&#44; walking&#44; comorbidity and weight loss&#46; Each item was scored as one point&#46; The sum of the individual scores ranged from 0 to 5 &#40;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>best&#44; 5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>worst&#41;&#44; and indicated frail health &#40;3&#8211;5 points&#41;&#44; pre-frailty &#40;1&#8211;2 points&#41; and robustness &#40;0 points&#41;&#46; In our study&#44; patients with a score of 0&#8211;2 points were regarded as not frail&#44; while those with three or more points were considered to be frail&#46; Fatigue was measured by asking the interviewee how long he&#47;she felt tired in the last four weeks &#8211; the answers &#8220;all the time&#8221; and &#8220;most of the time&#8221; each being scored as one point&#46; Resistance in turn was evaluated by questioning about difficulties in walking up 10 steps alone without stopping and without help&#44; while walking was assessed by asking the interviewee if he&#47;she had difficulties walking 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m or one block alone and without help&#46; The answer &#8220;yes&#8221; was scored as one point&#46; Disease was scored as one point in the case of patients reporting 5 or more disorders out of a total of 11 conditions&#58; dementia&#44; heart disease&#44; depression&#44; osteoarthrosis&#44; asthma&#44; bronchitis&#47;emphysema&#44; diabetes&#44; arterial hypertension&#44; osteoporosis and stroke&#46; Weight loss was scored as one point in the case of patients with an unintended weight loss of 5&#37; or more in the last 12 months&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient baseline condition was evaluated using the Barthel index for the assessment of basic activities of daily living &#40;dependency being defined as a score of &#60;60 points&#41;&#44; while the Lawton and Brody index was used to score instrumental activities &#40;involving a score without a cut-off point&#44; where the maximum score is 8 and defines total independence&#44; while a score of 0 is indicative of dependency&#41;&#46; Cognitive function in turn was evaluated by means of the Clinical Dementia Rating &#40;CDR&#41; scale&#44; where 0&#46;5 indicates cognitive impairment and scores of over 2&#46;5 are suggestive of dementia&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In addition&#44; we prospectively compiled patient age and gender&#44; reason for admission&#44; Charlson comorbidity index &#40;presence of comorbidity being defined by a score<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#41;&#44; nutritional risk &#40;based on the Nutric score&#44; with the presence of comorbidity being defined by a score<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#41;&#44; severity upon admission &#40;assessed by means of the SOFA and APACHE II scores&#41;&#44; number of falls in the last 6 months&#44; number of hospital admissions in the last year&#44; duration of stay in the ICU and in hospital&#44; days of mechanical ventilation&#44; need for tracheostomy&#44; complications in the ICU &#40;see definition in annex 1 online&#41;&#44; limitation of life support&#44; mortality in the ICU&#44; mortality at one and 6 months&#44; and patient destination at hospital discharge &#40;home&#44; home but with need for a caregiver&#44; home for the elderly&#44; functional rehabilitation center&#41;&#46; One and 6 months after discharge from the ICU&#44; we again assessed the baseline condition of the patient &#40;Barthel index&#44; Lawton index and CDR&#41; through a telephone interview&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A descriptive study of the patients was made&#44; followed by univariate comparison between frail and non-frail patients&#46; Given the importance attributed to age&#44; we also classified the patients into two groups&#58; elderly patients aged 65&#8211;80 years and very elderly individuals &#40;&#62;80 years of age&#41;&#44; with comparison of both groups to assess possible differences attributable to age&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committees of each of the participating hospitals&#46;</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Normal data distribution was assessed using the Smirnov&#8211;Kolmogorov test&#46; The data were reported as the mean and standard deviation &#40;SD&#41; 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with a value <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;10&#44; as well as those variables of clinical interest&#46; Since the number of variables to be entered in the multivariate model was limited by the prevalence of the outcome&#44; we were only able to include one to two variables&#46; For this reason fitting of the model was limited to the APACHE II score as the variable summarizing global severity upon admission&#44; and to patient age as the variable of clinical interest&#44; in compliance with the objectives of our study&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The SPSS version 21 statistical package was used throughout&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Results</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We included a total of 132 patients&#44; of which 46 &#40;35&#37;&#41; met criteria of frailty&#46; In the telephone follow-up we recorded a loss of 8 patients at one month and 14 patients at 6 months&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The frail patients suffered more falls and required more hospital admissions in the previous year&#44; and moreover suffered greater comorbidity &#40;Charlson comorbidity index&#41;&#46; Age and severity at the time of admission to the ICU &#40;APACHE II&#44; SOFA&#41; were similar in both groups &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The frail patients also presented poorer baseline functional &#40;Barthel and Lawton scores&#41;&#44; cognitive &#40;CDR&#41; and nutritional conditions &#40;Nutric score&#41; than the non-frail patients &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41; upon admission to the ICU&#46; Functional condition was poorer in frail patients than in non-frail patients &#40;without reaching statistical significance 6 months after discharge from the ICU&#41;&#46; Cognitive function one month after discharge from the ICU tended to be worse in frail patients than in non-frail individuals &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;14&#41;&#44; though the difference was no longer noticeable 6 months after discharge from the ICU&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The need for mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy was slightly greater among the non-frail patients&#46; However&#44; noninvasive mechanical ventilation was more frequent in frail patients &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;01&#41;&#46; The duration of stay in the ICU was similar in frail patients and in non-frail individuals&#44; while hospital stay tended to be longer among the latter &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;06&#41;&#46; Complications were more frequent in frail patients&#44; particularly acute renal failure and weakness acquired in the ICU &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Mortality among the frail patients was greater in all three periods considered&#44; though statistical significance was only reached one month and 6 months after discharge from the ICU&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A significantly greater proportion of frail patients were subjected to limitation of life support&#44; while a greater proportion of non-frail patients were discharged home &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The logistic regression models showed frailty to be associated to mortality at one month &#40;odds ratio &#91;OR&#93;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;5&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#44; 95&#37; confidence interval &#91;95&#37;CI&#93; 1&#46;22&#8211;10&#46;03&#41; and 6 months after discharge from the ICU &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;62&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#46; 95&#37;CI 1&#46;04&#8211;6&#46;56&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">On the other hand&#44; as can be seen in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a> of the supplementary material&#44; on comparing elderly patients &#40;65&#8211;80 years of age&#41; versus very elderly individuals &#40;&#62;80 years of age&#41;&#44; no significant differences were observed in the incidence of frailty or in terms of other variables&#44; except comorbidity &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46; In this subanalysis&#44; the very elderly patients tended to present functional dependency after both one and 6 months&#44; with discretely greater mortality &#8211; though statistical significance was not reached in any of the periods considered&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Discussion</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The prevalence of frailty in our study was similar to that found in the literature&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;11&#44;18</span></a> Although frailty has been associated to elderly patients &#40;&#62;80 years&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> it can also be found in younger individuals&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> In our series the incidence was similar in elderly patients and in very elderly individuals&#46; Likewise&#44; no significant differences were observed on comparing different patient variables by age groups &#8211; this seeming to confirm the existence of variables more important than age in defining the prognosis of patients admitted to the ICU&#46; Frailty should be taken into account in identifying patients most likely to benefit from admission to critical care&#44; since it is associated to mortality&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No association was observed in our study between the baseline condition and mortality&#44; in contrast to what is found in the literature&#44; where functional condition is identified as an independent mortality risk factor&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> However&#44; the frail patients had a poorer baseline functional and cognitive condition&#44; and this made them more vulnerable&#46; They suffered more falls&#44; with more previous admissions and greater comorbidity&#46; The functional scores &#40;Barthel and Lawton indices&#41; were low upon admission to the ICU&#44; and dependency persisted without recovery over time&#46; In contrast&#44; the cognitive scores improved after discharge from the ICU&#46; To our knowledge&#44; such improvement in the CDR score is related to the characteristics of the test used to assess cognitive impairment&#44; and constitutes a subjective appraisal of the condition of the patient in different areas &#40;memory&#44; orientation&#44; interpersonal relations and self-care capacity&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The mortality risk scales &#40;APACHE II and SOFA&#41; showed no differences between the two groups of patients&#44; though the literature describes a higher score on the SAPS 3 scale as being associated to increased mortality&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> Under equal severity conditions upon admission&#44; the frail patient requires less orotracheal intubation&#44; vasopressor drug use and renal replacement therapy&#46; Even the increased use of noninvasive ventilation in the group of frail patients may be conditioned by an attempt to not resort to mechanical ventilation in these individuals&#46; Accordingly&#44; treatment in frail patients may be less intense because of their baseline condition&#44; with more frequent limitation of life support&#46; The use of resources in the ICU is thus limited as a result&#46; At discharge from our Units&#44; frail patients are referred to a home for the elderly or to their own home with the need for a caregiver&#44; while non-frail patients are referred to a functional rehabilitation center&#44; with more intensive use of post-ICU management resources&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A lack of physical exercise has been found to be a risk factor for the appearance of frailty&#44; with secondary sarcopenia and muscle weakness&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19&#8211;25</span></a> This may explain why weakness acquired in the ICU was a frequent complication in frail patients in our study&#44; giving rise to poorer recovery over the long term&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Le Maguet et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> measured frailty using two scales&#58; Frailty Phenotype &#40;FP&#44; frailty<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#41; and the Clinical Frailty Score &#40;CFS<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#41;&#46; Mortality in the ICU was better predicted by the FP&#44; while the CFS was better in predicting mortality after 6 months&#46; Flaatten et al&#46; in turn found the CFS to be associated to short-term mortality&#46; In our study&#44; the Frail scale showed good performance in predicting mortality after one month and 6 months&#44; but not in predicting mortality in the ICU&#46; In any case&#44; and independently of the scale used&#44; it can be concluded that frailty is associated to mortality and is a factor to be taken into account in the prognosis of our patients&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our study has limitations&#46; Despite its multicenter nature&#44; the number of included patients was not very large&#46; Furthermore&#44; follow-up was only made during the 6 months after discharge&#44; without examining whether there is longer term recovery among the patients referred to functional rehabilitation centers&#46; Furthermore&#44; there were losses to telephone follow-up&#44; which conditions extrapolation of the results&#44; particularly as regards mortality at one month and 6 months&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Frailty is evidenced in 35&#37; of the patients over 65 years of age admitted to the ICU&#44; and determines mortality among the seriously ill&#46; Frail patients have poorer baseline conditions at the time of admission to intensive care&#44; with scant recovery at discharge from the ICU&#46; This requires more intense and earlier post-ICU care<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26&#44;27</span></a> in an attempt to improve the prognosis&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Contribution of the authors</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Design&#58;</span> S&#46; L&#243;pez-Cuenca and A&#46; Artigas-Ravent&#243;s&#46;</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Data compilation&#58;</span> S&#46; L&#243;pez-Cuenca&#44; L&#46; Oteiza-L&#243;pez&#44; N&#46; L&#225;zaro-Mart&#237;n&#44; M&#46;M&#46; Irazabal-Jaimes and M&#46; Ibarz-Villamayor&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Analysis and preparation of the manuscript&#58; S&#46; L&#243;pez-Cuenca and J&#46;A&#46; Lorente-Balanza&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Financial support</span><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study was supported by a research aid from the Fundaci&#243;n del Enfermo Cr&#237;tico &#40;2017&#41;&#46; Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Medicina Intensiva y Unidades Coronarias &#40;SEMICyUC&#41;&#44; Spain&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To estimate the prevalence of frailty in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit &#40;ICU&#41; and its impact upon ICU mortality at 1 and 6 months&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Design</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A prospective observational cohort study was carried out&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Setting</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Spanish ICU&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Intervention</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">None&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Patients and methods</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patients<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>65 years of age admitted to the ICU for &#62;24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#46; Variables were registered upon admission&#44; and functional status was assessed by telephone calls 1 and 6 months after discharge from the ICU&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Main study variables</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Age&#44; gender&#44; frailty &#40;FRAIL scale&#41;&#44; functional status &#40;Barthel&#44; Lawton&#44; Clinical Dementia Rating and NUTRIC score&#41;&#44; days of mechanical ventilation &#40;MV&#41;&#44; functional score &#40;APACHE II and SOFA&#41;&#44; ICU mortality&#44; and mortality 1 and 6 months after ICU discharge&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A total of 132 patients were evaluated&#44; of which 46 were frail &#40;34&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#46; Age of the frail versus non-frail patients&#58; 78&#46;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7&#46;2 and 78&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6&#46;4 years&#44; respectively &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;43&#41;&#59; male gender&#58; 43&#46;8&#37; versus 56&#46;3&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;10&#41;&#59; SOFA score&#58; 4&#46;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;9 versus 4&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;9 &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;75&#41;&#59; MV&#58; 33&#46;3&#37; versus 66&#46;7&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;75&#41;&#59; days of MV&#58; 5&#46;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15 versus 4&#46;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>8&#46;1 &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;57&#41;&#59; ICU mortality 13&#37; versus 6&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;14&#41;&#44; mortality at 1 month 24&#37; versus 8&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;01&#41;&#44; mortality 6 months 32&#37; versus 15&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;03&#41;&#46; Frailty is associated with mortality at one month &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;5&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05&#44; 95&#37; CI &#40;1&#46;22&#8211;10&#46;03&#41; and at 6 months after discharge from the ICU &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;62&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05&#44; 95&#37; CI &#40;1&#46;04&#8211;6&#46;56&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Frailty was present in 35&#37; of the patients admitted to the ICU&#44; and was associated with mortality&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estimar la prevalencia de fragilidad en pacientes ingresados en cuidados intensivos &#40;UCI&#41; y su impacto sobre la mortalidad intra UCI&#44; al mes y a los 6 meses&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Dise&#241;o</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio de cohorte prospectiva&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">&#193;mbito</span><p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">UCI polivalentes espa&#241;olas&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Intervenci&#243;n</span><p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Ninguna&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Pacientes y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Pacientes<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>65 a&#241;os ingresados en UCI<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>horas&#46; Se recogieron las variables al ingreso y la situaci&#243;n basal por tel&#233;fono al mes y a los 6 meses del alta de UCI&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Variables de inter&#233;s principal</span><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Edad&#44; sexo&#44; fragilidad &#40;escala FRAIL&#41;&#44; situaci&#243;n basal &#40;Barthel&#44; Lawton&#44; Clinical Dementia Rating y Nutric Score&#41;&#44; d&#237;as de ventilaci&#243;n mec&#225;nica &#40;VM&#41;&#44; escalas de gravedad &#40;APACHE II y SOFA&#41;&#44; mortalidad UCI&#44; al mes y a los 6 meses del alta&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Resultados</span><p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Ciento treinta y dos pacientes&#44; 46 fr&#225;giles &#40;34&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#46; Pacientes fr&#225;giles vs&#46; no fr&#225;giles&#58; 78&#44;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7&#44;2 vs&#46; 78&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6&#44;4 a&#241;os &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;43&#41;&#44; varones 43&#44;8&#37; vs&#46; 56&#44;3&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;10&#41;&#44; SOFA 4&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;9 vs&#46; 4&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;9 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;75&#41;&#44; VM 33&#46;3&#37; vs&#46; 66&#44;7&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;75&#41;&#44; d&#237;as de VM 5&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15 vs&#46; 4&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>8&#44;1 &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;57&#41;&#44; mortalidad UCI 13&#37; versus 6&#37; &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;14&#41;&#44; mortalidad al mes 24&#37; versus 8&#37; &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;01&#41;&#44; mortalidad 6 meses 32&#37; versus 15&#37; &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;03&#41;&#46; La fragilidad se asocia con la mortalidad al mes &#40;OR &#61; 3&#44;5&#59; p &#60;0&#44;05&#44; IC del 95&#37; &#40;1&#44;22-10&#44;03&#41; y a los 6 meses del alta de UCI &#40;OR &#61; 2&#44;62&#59; p &#60;0&#44;05&#44; IC del 95&#37; &#40;1&#44;04-6&#44;56&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La fragilidad est&#225; presente en el 35&#37; de los pacientes ingresados en UCI&#44; asoci&#225;ndose a la mortalidad&#46;</p></span>"
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          0 => array:2 [
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          1 => array:2 [
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            "titulo" => "Dise&#241;o"
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          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0055"
            "titulo" => "&#193;mbito"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0060"
            "titulo" => "Intervenci&#243;n"
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          4 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0065"
            "titulo" => "Pacientes y m&#233;todos"
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          5 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0070"
            "titulo" => "Variables de inter&#233;s principal"
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          6 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0075"
            "titulo" => "Resultados"
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          7 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0080"
            "titulo" => "Conclusiones"
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    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Please cite this article as&#58; L&#243;pez Cuenca S&#44; Oteiza L&#243;pez L&#44; L&#225;zaro Mart&#237;n N&#44; Irazabal Jaimes MM&#44; Ibarz Villamayor M&#44; Artigas A&#44; et al&#46; Fragilidad en pacientes mayores de 65 a&#241;os ingresados en cuidados intensivos &#40;FRAIL-ICU&#41;&#46; Med Intensiva&#46; 2019&#59;43&#58;395&#8211;401&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age&#44; years&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">59 &#40;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Days of admission before ICU&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;75&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Falls&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;5 &#40;1&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;17 &#40;0&#46;53&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;64 &#40;1&#46;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Charlson comorbidity score&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Barthel score&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Admission&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">97 &#40;7&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1 month after ICU discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">58 &#40;36&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">79 &#40;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6 months after ICU discharge&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">78 &#40;33&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;3 &#40;2&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#46;8 &#40;1&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SOFA score&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Arrhythmias</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Thrombosis</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Delirium</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Muscle weakness acquired in ICU</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7 &#40;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Infection</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;10&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;43&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Others</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;11&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Life support techniques&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Catecholamines</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#62;</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">6</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">h</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Renal replacement therapy in ARF</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mechanical ventilation &#40;MV&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Noninvasive MV</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Days on VM&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Tracheostomy&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Limitation of life support&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;10&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;02&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Destination at discharge&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Home</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">19 &#40;48&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">53 &#40;65&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Home with caregiver</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Home for the elderly</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;7&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Functional rehabilitation center</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Not known</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;1&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Outcomes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ICU stay&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">11&#46;2 &#40;16&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">11&#46;3 &#40;16&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;97&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hospital stay&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">10&#46;6 &#40;9&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mortality in</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">ICU</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mortality at one</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">month</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a&#44;b</span></a>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;24&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7 &#40;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;01&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mortality at 6</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">months</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;32&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;15&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;03&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  """
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              "identificador" => "tblfn0005"
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              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Cumulative mortality in three periods&#58; from admission to ICU to discharge from ICU&#44; from admission to ICU to one month after discharge from ICU&#44; from admission to ICU to 6 months after discharge from ICU&#46;</p>"
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                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "El estado de la poblaci&#243;n mayor en Espa&#241;a&#44; 2017&#46; Blog Envejecimiento &#91;en-red&#93;&#46; Available from&#58; <a target="_blank" href="http://bit.ly/2leYtZhM.C">http&#58;&#47;&#47;bit&#46;ly&#47;2leYtZhM&#46;C</a> &#91;accessed 14&#46;02&#46;17&#93;&#46;"
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                0 => array:2 [
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "La edad biol&#243;gica como factor predictor de mortalidad en una unidad de cuidados cr&#237;ticos e intermedios"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "R&#46; Fern&#225;ndez del Campo"
                            1 => "A&#46; Lozares S&#225;nchez"
                            2 => "J&#46; Moreno Salcedo"
                            3 => "J&#46;I&#46; Lozano Mart&#237;nez"
                            4 => "A&#46;I&#46; Amigo Bonjoch"
                            5 => "P&#46;A&#46; Jim&#233;nez Hern&#225;ndez"
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                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol"
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                        "paginaInicial" => "214"
                        "paginaFinal" => "220"
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                          "etal" => true
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                      "titulo" => "Equity of access to critical care among elderly patients in Scotland&#58; a national cohort study"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
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                            3 => "F&#46;H&#46; Andersen"
                            4 => "A&#46; Artigas"
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                      "doi" => "10.1007/s00134-017-4940-8"
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                        "tituloSerie" => "Intensive Care Med"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "43"
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Article information
ISSN: 21735727
Original language: English
DOI:10.1016/j.medine.2019.01.007
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