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Available online 3 March 2025
Videolaryngoscopy vs. direct laryngoscopy in orotracheal intubation in obese critical patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Video laringoscopía vs. laringoscopía directa en la intubación orotraqueal en pacientes obesos: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
Samuel David Gil-Bazána, Gustavo Adolfo Vásquez-Tiradoa,b,
Corresponding author
gavt13@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Edward Chávez-Cruzadoa, Edinson Dante Meregildo-Rodríguezc, Claudia Vanessa Quispe-Castañedaa, Wilson Marcial Guzmán-Aguilarb, Leslie Jacqueline Liñán-Díaza,b
a Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, Peru
b Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo, Trujillo, Peru
c Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Señor de Sipán, Lambayeque, Peru
Received 04 December 2024. Accepted 03 February 2025
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Tables (3)
Table 1. General characteristics of included studies.
Table 2. Quantitative statistical characteristics of included studies.
Table 3. Risk of bias of the included studies using Risk of bias tool version 2 (RoB2) of Cochrane.
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Abstract
Objective

To determine whether the use of videolaryngoscopy (VL) is more effective than direct laryngoscopy (DL) for orotracheal intubation in obese patients.

Design

This is a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Setting

A comprehensive search was conducted in five databases for studies published up to December 26, 2023, using a PICO strategy. Fifteen studies were identified for quantitative analysis and included in our meta-analysis.

Participants

The participants of the included primary studies (obese patients).

Interventions

Orotracheal intubation with videolaryngoscopy or direct laryngoscopy.

Main variables of interest

Videolaryngoscopy, direct laryngoscopy, intubation time, first--pass success rate, minor complications.

Results

No significant differences were found in intubation time between VL and DL in obese patients (MD: −4.84; 95% CI: −13.49 to 3.80; I2: 90%). In the subgroup analysis, the Airtaq technique showed a significant difference in intubation time compared to the Macintosh technique (MD: −25.29; 95% CI: −49.17 to −1.38; I2: 95%). However, no significant differences were observed in the first--pass success rate (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 0.77–3.23; I2: 33%) or in complications such as pain (OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.75–1.75; I2: 0%) and voice changes (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.46–1.26; I2: 0%) between the two methods.

Conclusion

There are no significant differences in intubation time, first--pass success rate, or complications between VL and DL in obese critical patients.

Keywords:
Video laryngoscopy
Direct laryngoscopy
Orotracheal intubation
Obesity
Resumen
Objetivo

Determinar si el uso de video laringoscopia es más eficaz que la laringoscopia directa en la intubación orotraqueal en pacientes obesos.

Diseño

Se trata de una revisión sistemática y meta-análisis.

Ámbito

Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en cinco bases de datos para estudios publicados hasta el 26 de diciembre de 2023, utilizando una estrategia PICO. Se identificaron quince estudios para análisis cuantitativo e incluidos en nuestro meta-análisis.

Participantes

Los participantes de los estudios primarios incluidos (pacientes obesos).

Intervenciones

Intubación orotraqueal con video laringoscopía o laringoscopia directa.

Variables de interés principales

Video laringoscopía, laringoscopia directa, tiempo de intubación, tasa de éxito en el primer intento de intubación, complicaciones menores.

Resultados

No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el tiempo de intubación entre VL y DL en pacientes obesos (MD: −4.84; IC 95%: −13.49 a 3.80; I²: 90%). En el análisis por subgrupos, la técnica Airtaq mostró una diferencia significativa en el tiempo de intubación en comparación con la técnica Macintosh (MD: −25.29; IC 95%: −49.17 a −1.38; I²: 95%). Sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias significativas en el éxito del primer intento de intubación (OR: 1.58; IC 95%: 0.77 a 3.23; I²: 33%) ni en complicaciones como dolor (OR: 1.15; IC 95%: 0.75 a 1.75; I²: 0%) y cambios en la voz (OR: 0.76; IC 95%: 0.46 a 1.26; I²: 0%) entre los dos métodos.

Conclusión

No existen diferencias significativas en el tiempo de intubación, la tasa de éxito en el primer intento, ni en las complicaciones entre VL y DL en pacientes obesos críticos.

Palabras clave:
Video laringoscopía
Laringoscopia directa
Intubación orotraqueal
Obesidad

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