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Vol. 47. Issue 2.
Pages 90-98 (February 2023)
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Vol. 47. Issue 2.
Pages 90-98 (February 2023)
Original article
Fluid responsiveness assessment using inferior vena cava collapsibility among spontaneously breathing patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Evaluación de la capacidad de respuesta de fluidos mediante el colapso de la vena cava inferior en pacientes que respiran espontáneamente: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
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L.C.M. Cardozo Júniora,
Corresponding author
stuart.lcarlos@yahoo.com.br

Corresponding author.
, G.S.D. Lemosa,b, B.A.M.P. Besena,c
a Medical ICU, Disciplina de Emergências Clínicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
b ICU, Hospital São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
c ICU, Hospital A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
Objective

To synthesize the evidence about diagnostic accuracy of inferior vena cava collapsibility (IVCc) in prediction of fluid responsiveness among spontaneously breathing patients.

Design

Systematic review of diagnostic accuracy studies.

Setting

Intensive care units or emergency departments.

Patients and participants

spontaneously breathing patients with indication for fluid bolus administration.

Interventions

A search was conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE. We included studies assessing IVCc accuracy for fluid responsiveness assessment with a standard method for cardiac output measure as index test.

Main variables of interest

General information (year, setting, cutoffs, standard method), sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiving operator characteristics curve (AUROC). Risk of bias was assessed with QUADAS 2 tool. We obtained the pooled sensitivity, specificity and summary ROC curve, with estimated confidence intervals from a bivariate model. We also calculated positive and negative likelihood ratios and developed a Fagon nomogram.

Results

Eight studies were included with 497 patients. Overall, the studies presented a high risk of bias. IVCc sensitivity was 63% (95% CI – 46–78%) and specificity 83% (95% CI – 76–87%). Despite moderate accuracy of IVCc (SROC 0.83, 95% CI – 0.80–0.86), post-test probability of being fluid responsive based on a 50% pre-test probability led to considerable misclassification.

Conclusions

IVCc had moderate accuracy for fluid responsiveness assessment in spontaneously breathing patients and should not be used in isolation for this purpose.

Keywords:
Fluid responsiveness
Inferior vena cava
Fluid therapy
Circulatory failure
Echocardiography
Resumen
Objetivo

Sintetizar la evidencia sobre la precisión diagnóstica de la colapsabilidad de la vena cava inferior (cVCI) en la predicción de la respuesta a los líquidos en pacientes que respiran espontáneamente.

Diseño

Revisión sistemática de estudios de precisión diagnóstica.

Ámbito

Unidades de cuidados intensivos o servicios de urgencias.

Pacientes o participantes

Pacientes con respiración espontánea con indicación de administración de bolos de líquidos.

Intervenciones

Se realizó una búsqueda en MEDLINE y EMBASE. Se incluyeron los estudios que evaluaban la precisión de la cVCI con un método estándar para medir el gasto cardíaco como prueba índice.

Variables de interés principales

Información general (año, entorno, puntos de corte, método estándar), sensibilidad, especificidad y área bajo curva. El riesgo de sesgo se evaluó con la herramienta QUADAS2. Obtuvimos la sensibilidad combinada, la especificidad y la curva ROC resumida, con intervalos de confianza (IC) estimados a partir de un modelo bivariado.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 8 estudios con 497 pacientes. La sensibilidad de la cVCI fue del 63% (IC95%: 46-78%) y la especificidad del 83% (IC95%: 76-87%). A pesar de la precisión moderada de cVCI (SROC: 0,83; IC95%: 0,80-0,86), la probabilidad posterior a la prueba de responder a los fluidos basada en una probabilidad anterior al 50% dio lugar a una clasificación errónea considerable.

Conclusiones

La cVCI tuvo una exactitud moderada para la evaluación de la respuesta a los líquidos en pacientes que respiran espontáneamente y no debe usarse de forma aislada para este propósito.

Palabras clave:
Capacidad de respuesta fluida
Vena cava inferior
Terapia de fluidos
Insuficiencia circulatoria
Ecocardiografía

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