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Update in intensive care medicine: Critical patient safety
Available online 26 May 2024
Patient safety, what does clinical simulation and teaching innovation contribute?
Seguridad del paciente, ¿qué aportan la simulación clínica y la innovación docente?
María Jesús Broch Porcar
Corresponding author
ixuscorreu@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Álvaro Castellanos-Ortega
Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
Received 16 December 2023. Accepted 23 March 2024
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Table 1. Key points of CRM model (Crisis Resource Management).
Abstract

Clinical simulation in Intensive Care Medicine is a crucial tool to strengthen patient safety. It focuses on the complexity of the Intensive Care Unit, where challenging clinical situations require rapid decision making and the use of invasive techniques that can increase the risk of errors and compromise safety. Clinical simulation, by mimicking clinical contexts, is presented as essential for developing technical and non-technical skills and enhancing teamwork in a safe environment, without harm to the patient. in situ simulation is a valuable approach to practice in realistic environments and to address latent security threats. Other simulation methods as virtual reality and tele-simulation are gaining more and more acceptance. Herein, we provide current data on the clinical utility of clinical simulation related to improved safety in the practice of techniques and procedures, as well as improvements of teamwork performance and outcomes. Finally, we propose the needs for future research.

Keywords:
Safety
Clinical simulation
In situ simulation
Training
Teamwork
Resumen

La simulación clínica en Medicina Intensiva es un método de gran utilidad para potenciar la seguridad del paciente. Permite enfocar sobre la complejidad de la asistencia en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, donde se han de afrontar situaciones críticas que requieren decisiones rápidas y técnicas invasivas que pueden aumentar el riesgo de errores. La simulación, al reproducir contextos clínicos, resulta esencial para desarrollar habilidades técnicas y conductuales, y potenciar el trabajo en equipo en un ambiente seguro, sin daño para el paciente. La simulación in situ es un enfoque valioso para entrenar en entornos de trabajo reales y detectar amenazas latentes de seguridad. Nuevos métodos como la realidad virtual y la tele-simulación están ganando aceptación. Se presentan evidencias de la utilidad de la simulación clínica para mejorar la seguridad de técnicas y procedimientos, el rendimiento de los equipos y los resultados clínicos. Finalmente, se proponen líneas futuras de investigación.

Palabras clave:
Seguridad
Simulación clínica
Simulación in situ
Entrenamiento
Trabajo en equipo

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